What is the process of judicially deciding a case known as?

The process of judicially deciding a case is known as adjudication. Adjudication refers specifically to the legal process wherein a judge or tribunal makes a ruling on a case presented before it. This process involves the examination of evidence, deliberation on legal arguments, and ultimately delivering a judgment based on law.

In the context of guardianship and other legal matters, adjudication is crucial as it establishes legal determinations that affect the rights and responsibilities of the parties involved. The authority of the court to make binding decisions is a fundamental aspect of the judicial system, ensuring that disputes are resolved fairly and according to established laws.

It is important to differentiate adjudication from other terms associated with dispute resolution. For instance, litigation encompasses the broader process of bringing a case to court, including all pre-trial and trial activities, while arbitration and mediation involve alternative dispute resolution methods that do not necessarily require judicial intervention or a court's final judgment. These methods focus on facilitating negotiation and resolution without a judge's authoritative ruling, which is a key distinction from adjudication.